Lesson Descriptions-Mathematics

Mathematic Lesson Descriptions

Sandpaper Numbers

Age: 3 ½-4 years

Materials: green cards (approximately the size of sandpaper letter cards) with sandpaper numerals from 0-9

Purpose: to introduce number symbols up to 9

Presentation:

place all cards at the upper right corner of a table where you will work with the child
center one numeral card on the table
place left hand on the side of the card
trace number with two fingers and say the name of the number

-gracefully use wrist, distinct steps at each end of the number (stopping drastically)

5. give the number to the child for the child to trace and repeat the name

6. when done put at the upper left of the table in a pile

7. do first three numbers and continue with other numbers when child knows the previous three

Red and Blue Rods With Numbers

Age: 3 ½ - 4 years

Materials: red and blue rods, a set of numbers from 1-10 tall enough to stand up against the rods

Purpose: to match the abstract number to the correct rod

Presentation:

place rods on a floor rug correctly
take one number out at random and ask the child the number
count the ends of each rod to find the number
place the number under the rod while holding the end of the rod with other hand
repeat with two or three more rods
have the child finish the rest of the rods
show child that the numbers stand up
clean up work and put away one rod at a time

Cards and Counters

Age: 4 years

Materials: ten numeral cards from 1-10, fifty-five discs for counters

Purpose: to reinforce sequence of numbers and to introduce the concept of odd/even numbers

Presentation:

on a floor rug place numbers out at random
place first three numbers at the top edge of the rug (starting from left going right) in order
give the box of counters to the child
point to the number one and ask the child to recite the number
ask child to count out the counters at the bottom of the rug next to the box
slide the counter under the number one
continue with all three numbers
1. slide two as a pair
2. continue to slide pairs with even numbers
show that three has one left over
let child continue until all numbers are complete
when the child is done introduce even numbers
show odd numbers have one left over, show even numbers have pairs and flip over odd
have child read even numbers while teacher points at the number
teacher reads even numbers
continue repeating even numbers with eyes closed
ask child to do the same
the next day introduce odd numbers the same drastically pointing out that they do not have a partner

Short Bead Stair

Age: 4 years

Materials: one set of colored bead bars (each bar is a different color; there is a bar representing each quantity from 1-9), one set of numerals from 1-9

Purpose: to get familiar with the number association to the colored bead bars

Presentation:

at a table lay numbers out in order starting from the top of the table and going down
choose one bead and count
place bead under the corresponding number
continue with all beads
review all beads and numbers
to go further, take one bead away and ask what color is missing

Spindle Boxes

Age: 4 years

Materials: 2 wooden boxes: each box is divided into five compartments with numerals on the back: 0-4 and 5-9, one box that contains 45 wooden spindles

Purpose: to reinforce child’s understanding of number names

Presentation:

place the two boxes and spindles at a table
place the box with the spindles next to the box that has zero
point to the numbers and let the child read them to you- starting with one and continuing to nine
allow child to count one spindle in your hand
count the spindle back into both of the child’s hands
child puts the spindle in the container
repeat these steps with all the numbers and spindles
explain zero to the child- zero is the empty set, it requires nothing
clean up work

Teen Board

Age: 4 years and up

Materials: teen boards and wooden numeral cards, nine golden tens, one set of short bead stair

Purpose: to learn teen numbers

Presentation: Beads Only-1st day

build bead stair on a floor rug
place all tens on mat making a square on the left side of the bead stair
pick up the first set of beads always starting with a ten bead
line a ten and the red bead at the top of the mat
1. explain that we added 1 ten and the 1 bead to make 11
2. 10+1=11
continue with all numbers

Numbers Only-2nd day

open the box containing the boards on a floor rug
place the lid under the box
lay out the boards in the middle of the floor rug
lay out out numbers in order on the right side of the rug
close box and place on the bottom of the rug
show child the first 10 and ask what number it is
explain that you are going to add one to the ten
slid the number one on the board and have child read the number 11
continue with all numbers
repeat the names of all the numbers when sliding a unit on the tens
review all numbers

Association with Beads and Numerals-3rd day

lay out teen boards with the bottom of the board touching the bottom of the rug
set up numbers 1-9 on the left side of the rug
match the beads to the numbers-unit beads matched to unit numbers
put box away-either on the top of the rug or back on the shelf
point out the number ten on board
start with ten bead
place next to the first ten on the board
add red bead next to teen board
add number to board “now we made it say 11”
10+1=11
continue with all numbers

Hundred Board

Age: 4 years and up

Materials: the one hundred board, numerals 1-100 on wooden tiles, a container for the tiles

Purpose: to reinforce counting

Presentation:

at a table or floor rug take out one number
show child how to organize numbers by grouping them in their respected tens
when placing numbers in categories or tens make sure all the vertical numbers are touching-all 40s touching each other
take out each number at random after placing one of each category on top of table or rug and place under correct column
put board on left side of numbers
continue organizing with all numbers
when all numbers are organized place numbers correctly on board
place numbers on board using one column at a time
when column is complete slide the next column to the left of the board
continue placing numbers until all numbers are on the board

Golden Beads With Numerals

Age: 4 years and up

Materials: a tray containing; 1 golden unit bead, 1 golden ten bead, 1 golden hundred bead, 1 golden thousand bead, tray with color coordinated numbers 1,10,100 and 1000

Purpose: to introduce names and relative sizes in hierarchy of numbers

Presentation:

take materials to a table and start by naming the one and ten bead
ask the child to repeat the names of the numbers by pointing to the bead
continue with the hundred and thousand bead
once the child can name the beads introduce the numbers
point to a bead and ask child the name of the bead
place the corresponding number on the bead and say, “This is one unit, this says one unit.”
continue with all beads

Stamp Game

Age: 4 years and up

Materials: 9-thousand paper stamps, 20-hundred paper stamps, 20-ten paper stamps, 20-unit (ones) paper stamps, pencil and paper

Purpose: familiar with the idea of abstract addition

Presentation:

at a table an adult will write out an addition problem using a thousand, hundred, ten and unit for each number
take out corresponding thousands, hundreds, tens and units from the top number on paper and place stamps towards the top of the table or mat
leaving a space from the top number, take out corresponding thousands, hundreds, tens and units from the bottom number on paper and place stamps under the first set of stamps
slide all ones together, then tens, hundreds, thousands
count all ones, then tens, hundreds, thousands
record answer on the paper after counting each category
replace the stamps
allow the child to work independently
stack numbers accordingly and place back inside of the envelope